BOW

BOW Based upon this week's labs why is it hard for a fit person to get an exercise benefit?

Those who do not exercise of a regular benefit reap most rewards when exercising because their bodies are not accustomed working out. Their results are the most noticeable because they lose excess body fat and build up their endurance and overall health. After a certain point however, the body becomes accustomed to regular exercise and benefits bottom out. A fit person must continually challenge their body farther and farther to keep reaping the benefits of exercise, even then, the exercise curve shortens considerably. As a person works out, their heart becomes stronger and heart rate decreases as it becomes used the rigors of exercise. Again after a certain point heart rate decreases at a much slower rate. In summary, people already in shape must continually work harder and harder to reap the rewards of exercise.

BOW

What part of Dead Men has interested you the most so far?

Dead Men captured my interest through it's constant action murder mysteries. We are able to look at murders through the eyes's of an Anthropologist . Every case he mentions provides new insight on the human body I did not previously know. Although I am squeamish person (I could barely handle the minx dissection) the author does a good job of presenting in a professional reassuring matter. With every chapter I learn something new about the human body and actual murders. This book is more real than the things you see on TV because its coming from an actual Anthropologist. That in itself makes Dead Man worth reading.

Blog 8 Art and Anatomy

The two art periods that my group examined were the Dutch arts from 1600- 1675 and French art from 1600-1700s. The Dutch paintings we observed had flat 2 dimensional faces with disproportionate bodies. In picture #1, the woman on the left's face is flat a her neck looks too far to the left and does not match with the rest of her body. In painting #4 the male carrying the violin appears to have an angled face. The body appears to a bit more proportionate however some of the movements are anatomically impossible. An example is the male on the floor. His right arm is propelled forward, however the position of the forearm is impossible. Picture 3 looks completely flat with little to shadowing used at all.

In the French Paintings, we see even more shadowing and slightly more anatomically correct movements. the details of the human body are much more elaborate, however many of the pictures still seem to not be anatomically possible. Picture 2 shows more shadowing in the face giving a more 3 Dimensional look. Additionally as time progressed artist's renditions became more accurate as human dissections revealed more detailed information about the body.

How has anatomy influenced art and art influenced anatomy? Anatomy has helped art advance by providing crucial information on anatomical positioning. We learned at the museum that artists would often attend dissections to further their understanding of the human body. Through studies done in anatomy and physiology, artists were able to produce more accurate renderings of the human body.

Blog of the Week 11/10/11 Skull ID

Through researching I found the nasal bone of Asians is flat whereas, the nasal bone of African Americans sits lower. Additionally, the skulls of the Asian are more of a rounded shape where as the others races are far longer and rounded. Asian skulls are also much more petite and condensed in size. Girls skulls are far more blunt and rounded whereas male skulls are slanted at an angle and more defined. Men's faces curve in slightly while the females facial structure is more forward. The skulls of men are less rounded and with a higher arching brow. Furthermore the chin of the male more of a square shape whereas the female's chin is more pointy.

Dead Men Do Tell Tales

What surprised or interested you about DMDTT?

Generally speaking I despise reading but Dead Men Do Tell Tales captured my interest within the first few pages of the book. Although slightly morbid the book displays the view point of death and murder through the eyes of an anthropologist. The detail in which Dr. William Maples explores decaying bodies and bones is truly fascinating. The visual imagery Dr. Maples uses to describe the crime scenes makes me feel as if I am standing next to him at the crime scene. Although I suffer from extreme squeamishness I have a hard time putting this book down once i get started reading.

CELL DIVERSITY

Cells are the most basic unit of life and serve as the building blocks to more advanced structures such as tissues. Cells differ from each other in size and shape and have different abilities. For example blood cells and nerve cells have completely different jobs but are both extremely important. There are over 200 different types of cells in the human body and for the most part are viewable only by a microscope. Skin cells are mostly flat whereas white blood cells have the ability to change shape which enables them to attack bacteria. Cells contain structures called organelles that help maintain the life of the cell. As cells come together, they are able to form tissues according to the type of cell.

Growth and Development of Bones

Ossification is the formation of bone which is produced from osteoblasts and osteoclasts combined with minerals and salts. Calcium compounds must be present for ossification to take place. Osteoblasts take blood from minerals from the blood and deposit them in the bone. By the time we are born, many of the bones have been at least partly ossified. In addition to the metabolically active cellular portion of bone tissue, bone is also made up of a matrix of different materials, including primarily collagen fibers and crystalline salts. The crystalline salts in the matrix of bone are composed mostly of calcium and phosphate, which are combined to form hydroxyapatite crystals. As you can see, the chemical formula for hydroxyapatite crystals includes molecules of calcium, phosphate, and hydroxide.The collagen fibers and the calcium salts that help to strengthen bone. The collagen fibers of bone have great tensile strength, while the calcium salts, which are similar in physical properties to marble, have great compressional strength . These combined properties, plus the degree of bondage between the collagen fibers and the crystals, provide a bony structure that has both extreme tensile and compressional strength

Broken Bones

There are three treatments for bone fractures. Doctors either use pins, a metal plate, or screws to repair fractures. When a bone is broken the first step to repair is to diagnose the type of fracture. Bones that fracture in alignment to one another go back to its previous shape once it heals more easily. Usually bones are placed so the alignment of the bones can be retained and so that they grow back together firmly by becoming fixed to the skin and into the bone and then becoming attached to an external frame; pins, screws, and metal plates. Once the fracture has been healed the external attachments are taken apart.

wordle!

Tissues are groups of cells similar in structure and function. There are four primary tissue, epithelial, connective, nervous and muscle tissue. Epithelial tissue, is the lining, covering, and glandular tissues of the body. The major connective tissue types include bone, cartilage, dense connective, loose connective tissue, and blood. Muscle tissues like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle are specialized to contract, or shorten, to produce movement. Neurons in nervous tissue function with supporting cells that insulate, support, and protect the delicate neurons, make up the structures of the nervous system-the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Skin Disease

Acne vulgaris also known as cystic acne is a human disease, characterized by areas of skin with seborrhea, comedones, papules , pustules, Nodules and possible scarring. Acne generally rises in skin with the densest population of sebaceous follicles. Affected areas include the face, the upper part of the chest, and the back. Severe acne is inflammatory, but acne can also manifest in noninflammatory forms. The lesions are caused by changes in pilosebaceous units, skin structures consisting of a hair follicleand its associated sebaceous gland, changes that require androgen stimulation.

http://www.acnecure2.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/1310599634-12.jpg

• Frontal, Sagittal,Traversal are all planes in which movement occurs which is essential to understanding physiology.
  
• The skeletal system is important because it is holds the body together and aids muscles with movement
• Anterior is important because it is the directional term for the front of something
  
• Posterior is important because it is the directional term the back of something
  
• Superior is important because it is the directional term for the top of something
  
• Inferior is important because it is the directional term for the bottom of something
• Dynamic Equilibrium is essentially homeostasis which is the bodies ability to maintain internal stability which is extremely important.
• Nutrients are essential because they nourish the body
• Oxygen is important because it is necessary to maintain human life.
• Integumentary system is crucial because it blocks things from entering the body as well preventing it from drying up
• The Cardiovascular system is important because it pumps blood and fluids throughout the body
• Medial is important because it is the directional term for the middle of something
• Tissue is important because it is formed by cells and when joined with other tissues can form organs
• Metabolism is important because it is a set of chemical reactions that help maintain life